Law Enforcement Today Paper free essay sample

Law Enforcement Today Paper Today I am going to describe the issues facing police departments in todays society. This Is something that everyone has with their police departments In different states and how they work out. Some of the police departments are facing from society today are the corruption, on-the-lob dangers, and the use of deadly force. When things like this happen and they need to use their power you have the worry that someone will try to blame you for racial profiling and exposure to civil liability.One of the hardest things the police have to do is serve a multicultural society. Multicultural society being the most challenging thing that face American law enforcement today. Police corruption has been something that has been going on for many years. Though you have many officers out there that will do their Jobs with the up most professionalism, there are officers out there that think they can use their title to do think they shouldnt be doing. We will write a custom essay sample on Law Enforcement Today Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For an example In 2006, for example, Border Patrol Agent Oscar Antonio Rotor pleaded guilty to charges of conspiracy to smuggle aliens Into the United States (Schmeltzer, 2011, p. 268) Doing things the police are to supposed to do Like this example gave Is what give police officers a bad name. I think that this Is a wonderful statement made that I think Is very true for all of the people around that believe in the police officers to help them with crimes. For Policing to be successful, and crime reduction efforts to be effective, citizens must have trust in the police (Schmeltzer, 2011, p. 273) The on the job danger is something that everyone in the world knows that police have to deal with every day. Police officers never know what they could be walking into at any time. In Washington D. C. They have a law enforcement memorial wall that has names of 12,561 law enforcement officers that have been killed in the line of duty.More than 6,000 officers name have been added to that wall since opening day on October 15, 1991. There are times when officers need to use hard force or even deadly force. Law enforcement officers are authorized to use the amount of force that Is reasonable and necessary given the circumstances. Police cant Just use force for no reason at all they have to have a reason for the force they are using. For an example when the lice are hand cuffing someone definition of force is a good reason to use the force needed.Studies show that 88% of use-of-force involves grabbing or holding the suspect. Description of how local, state, and federal law enforcement agencies currently interact with the U. S. Department of Homeland Security (DASH). Local, State, and federal law enforcement agencies currently interact with the U. S. Department of homeland Security (DASH). By Peaches society. This is something that everyone has with their police departments in from society today are the corruption, on-the-Job dangers, and the use of deadly title to do think they shouldnt be doing.

We Real Cool poetry analysis essays

We Real Cool poetry analysis essays Poets use a wide variety of tactics in order to try to express feelings or meaning in their poetry. A poem's subject matter and theme often dictate which tactics are used by the poet to help enhance their audience's experience. We Real Cool? displays the use of a wide variety of poetic devices in order to express its theme. In the short poem, Gwendolyn Brooks attempts to express the irony of certaincool? actions and decisions. The audience is tuned into many of the poet's personal opinions inWe Real Cool? as Brooks tells the tale of a pool player's lifestyle, and this lifestyle's shortcomings. The theme ofWe Real Cool? is that although certain decisions may yield a moment of satisfaction, in the long run wisdom and longevity are what create a happy individual. This theme is meant to advise the poem's audience, and warn that such a lifestyle will only end in early death. This theme is enhanced by Brooks? successful use of poetic devices throughout her poem. InWe Real Cool,? Gwen dolyn Brooks uses a combination of pattern, rime, assonance, and alliteration to create a poem in which the theme echoes in the mind of its audience. With the use of such a sarcastic tone in her poemWe Real Cool,? Brooks enforces the poem's theme using patterned repetition. This repetition makes it clear to the reader that Brooks is implying something opposite from what she is saying, and yields a poem with much more meaning and direction. Repetition is seen throughout the poem with,We real cool. We Left school. We Lurk late?.?(1,2) The pattern continues throughout the poem, each sentence beginning withWe? and containing three syllables. Each statement implies a situation of momentary satisfaction. This is apparent in the line,We real cool. We Left school.?(1,2) where Brooks describes the act of dropping out of school. Although dropping out may alleviate the subject's immediate dislike for a structured schooling environment, it is clear to the audi...

Hospitality Company Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hospitality Company - Research Paper Example The company’s values include customer satisfaction. In order to achieve this, the company promises to offer a wide array of services and tailor others whenever possible in order to enhance customer satisfaction. The company takes customer’s suggestions seriously and has a functional customer service department to deal with the complaints and suggestions from the customers. This way, it interacts with its customers thereby ensuring that it keeps abreast with the prevailing trends in the market thereby beating its competition. My call portrayed the seriousness with which the company responds to every call. As stated earlier, the line did not keep me waiting. The phone rang for about three seconds before the attendant respondent. Given the large number of customers the company serves on a daily basis, it was right to assume that the company has an efficient customer service. The woman observed all the etiquette beginning with a salutation and according to the time to speak to her. As irrelevant as my call could have sounded, she did not express any disgust. Instead, she responded and tried to explain the company’s vision the best way she could. She did not refer to any literature yet her explanation represented all the vital points in the company’s vision as presented on the website and other marketing literature materials. The attendant did not rush me at any time. Instead, she answered my questions and proceeded to ask if I had any other. This proved the company’s commitment to customer satisfaction.

Human Resources - Total Rewards and Vision, Mission, and Culture Essay

Human Resources - Total Rewards and Vision, Mission, and Culture - Essay Example th the passage of some more time, we are surely going to witness drastic changes in the manner in which employees would be able to manage their professions, their jobs and indeed their own selves. It is the duty of the organizations to understand the desires and wants of their employees and in return the employees must make sure they give in their best no matter how trying or tough the circumstances are, say at a given point in time. The mission and vision statements of an organization must be properly aligned to discern the exact basis for the rewards and compensation schemes which will be given out to the rightful owners of the same. There must be an endeavor on the organization’s part to keep all of them contented with their respective jobs so as to have maximum output from them at all times. Compensation methods impact in a fruitful manner towards the working domains of the employees as their morale is boosted up significantly and they feel a new vigor to do something afresh and anew within the realms of the organization. The benefit programs help immensely in their motivation levels and provided the much needed energy to turn things around and make impossible situations into possible (and successful) outcomes. It would be in the greater interest of any organization to devise such programs and methods which would raise the bar when it comes to employee morale and the like since this is in direct proportion to how they would affect the business processes, operations and strategies with their renewed confidence, work ethics and a sense of being positive all round. In an office place, there are certain instances when it is best to choose different people for the various jobs that are assigned in the working environment. This holds true for the rationale that a single person cannot and will not be able to do his work as well as the additional burden that is thrust upon him with zeal and enthusiasm. Hence the need of the hour is to understand that employees and

Do you have to believe in Reason to believe in Democracy Essay

Do you have to believe in Reason to believe in Democracy - Essay Example 42). Therefore, an individual is able to make logic, justify his or her actions and have personal beliefs. This is based on the information that is existent. Philosophy considers reason as rational (Swanson 35). Therefore, cognition, intellect and thinking are part of the reason. Arguably, reason leads to actions or habits that are a person’s thinking. Consequently, one can judge a situation just or unjust, good or bad (Copp et al. 48). In summary, reason and democracy are two different aspects but with a connection yet cannot be said to be tightly linked. Democracy has its connection to rights and freedom to do what one desires. However, freedom and rights come with responsibilities according to democracy (Swanson 55). Consequently, people in democratic nations have the freedom to speech, live, assemble and do other things in accordance with the highest rule of law. Additionally, democracy is also a human right because it gives citizens the free will to carry on their mandate s. Moreover, democracy also protects the basic rights of people. Therefore, democracy is a principle mandate that most governments try to uphold. In summary, democracy is all about the rights and freedom of people. A government that is democratic has power but is accountable to the public. However, this accountability raises concerns because the government should respond to the voice of the citizens (Swanson 63). Consequently, forms of democracy that exist are direct and representative democracy (Held 80). Direct democracy means citizens can actively and directly participate the making of decisions within the government. On the other hand, there is a representative democracy where a set body has sovereignty of power (Held 80). These forms are to help in the representation of the people. Interestingly, this form of modern democracy is common today. In summary, democracy can be either direct or representative but still represents the will of the people. The sole principle in democracy is the equity and freedom of the people. This means that every citizen is equal before the law and the legislative process (Copp et al. 52). Therefore, every person is equal to the other. However, upward control, social norms and political equity are the fundamental principles (Copp et al. 54). As a result, the government reflects equality through these principles. Therefore, democracy allows citizens to be fully part in the life of the society. Democracy often characterizes the majority rule. As a result, the minorities within the government have the tyranny of the majority (Held 197). This is when the protection of a group or individual rights protection. On the other hand, democracy entails elections, which mainly are competitive. Additionally, democratic elections allow people their freedom of speech, political expression and press (Held 201). The citizens are eligible since they serve the interest of the people. In summary, democracy in the modern world entails the majority ru le and their tyranny as they enhance the freedom of the people. Reason is a substance that makes a judgment of a person’s behavior. It helps in arguments since it creates the sense of logic (Manktelow 15). Therefore, attitudes, institutions and traditions play a role in the creation of reason. Moreover, reason is associates with freedom and determinism. According to scientists, the cognition enhances reason in the

Answers to questions on principles of nutrition for healthcare

Answers to questions on principles of nutrition for healthcare Omega-3 (linolenic acid) is a type of essential polyunsaturated fat. Like the omega-6 fatty acids are unsaturated because it contains in its molecule double bonds between carbon atoms and are essential (EFA) because the body can not produce it and therefore must be obtained through food. There are three omega -3 fatty acids: Alpha-linolenic, Eicosapentaenoic acid and Docosahexaenoic acid. These essential fatty acids can be obtained from the following sources: The Blue Fish, Food Plant: The purslane, lettuce, soy, spinach, strawberries, cucumbers, Brussels sprouts, cabbages, pineapples, Almonds and Walnuts. The body needs omega-3 fatty acid to work properly. The main functions of linolenic acid include: The formation of cell membranes, the formation of hormones, the immune system to functioning correctly, the correct formation of the retina, the functioning of neurons and chemical transmissions. Besides the basic functions, there is evidence that ingestion of omega-3 fatty acids represents a number of benefits for the body. Beneficial effects on the circulatory system, the intake of linolenic acid-rich foods or supplements that contain this principle lowers triglycerides, lowers cholesterol, prevents blood clots in the arteries by preventing platelet aggregation and arterial pressure decreases slightly. In general thins blood and protects against heart attacks, strokes, stroke, angina pectoris, Raynauds disease, etc. Moreover, the cardioprotective role is further enhanced by the ability of these oils to increase the transmission power of the heart muscle as rhythm regular and prevent disease and arrhythmias. This component protects against the development of certain cancers like colon, prostate and breast cancer. They can also prevent the growth of cancer cells. In breast cancer these acids inhibit the action of estrogens that are responsible for the development of breast tu mors. There is evidence that omega-3 has anti-inflammatory joint diseases. Therefore food or supplements especially can be very appropriate to reduce swelling and relieve pain in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and lupus. The use of supplements containing omega-3 may be a natural alternative to conventional treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. It appears that this component increases the levels of PG3 prostaglandins have anti-inflammatory properties. Inflammatory properties of omega-3 can be used for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Crohns disease or ulcerative colitis.   In the same way can help reduce the pain caused by menstruation. The intake of these acids can help maintain mental balance and avoid depression or to improve or assist in the treatment of diseases such as schizophrenia. These acids have a positive action in the maintenance of healthy skin, making them suitable for preventing or ameliorating diseases affecting this organ, such as eczema, psoriasis, etc., Intake of foods rich in omega-3 is very appropriate during pregnancy to ensure that the fetus has a right brain development. Mothers who eat foods with these components have had children with a higher learning capacity and less impaired. Similarly it has been shown that omega-3 favored the motor coordination of premature babies. 2. The client brings the results of recent cholesterol screening with him to see the nurse. The client is confused about what the results mean and asks what the total cholesterol number should be. Which of the following statements could the nurse make about interpreting the results of the cholesterol screening test? a. Total blood cholesterol should not exceed 150 mg/dl c. Total cholesterol should not exceed 150 mg/ml b. Total cholesterol should not exceed 200 mg/dl d. Total cholesterol should not exceed 200 mg/ml Answer: b) Total cholesterol should not exceed 200 mg/dl 3. The nurse is teaching a group of clients in a cardiac rehabilitation class about food sources of proteins. In what foods will the nurse say protein is found? a. in foods derived from both plant and animal foods c. only in foods derived from plants b. only in foods derived from animals d. only in fortified foods Answer: a) in food derived from both plant and animal foods. 4. The school nurse is making a presentation to parents of teenage students. One parent is concerned that their child is not getting adequate high quality dietary protein because the child has stopped eating meat. The nurse tells the parent that certain diets that do not contain meat can still provide adequate protein. Which of the following statements could the nurse make about vegetarian diets and protein? a. all vegetarian diets deliver adequate high quality dietary protein c. lacto-ovo vegetarian diets deliver adequate high quality dietary protein b. fruitarian diets deliver adequate high quality dietary protein d. vegan diets deliver adequate high quality dietary protein Answer: d) Vegan diets deliver adequate high quality dietary protein. Explain why. Get adequate protein on a vegan diet presents no problem at all. Both nuts and seeds such as legumes, whole grains and soy products provide protein. Previously it was believed that plant proteins were of lower quality than animal proteins in which amino acid content is concerned. However, this belief has become outdated and that if you follow a diet based on balanced vegetable products, will receive all the necessary amino acids in adequate amounts. The vegan diet has several incomplete proteins to make a complete one, but that should be eaten the same day, the essential amino acids can also be found in soy products and tofu. 5. A pregnant client tells the nurse that she is taking megadoses of vitamin A in the hopes that it will keep her complexion clear throughout the pregnancy. What could the nurse say about the clientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s use of this vitamin supplement? a. Consuming megadoses of vitamin A may cause permanent night blindness. c. Taking megadoses of vitamin A are a good idea during pregnancy because vitamin A supports a healthy immune system. b. Consuming megadoses of vitamin A may result in birth defects. d. Taking megadoses of vitamin A will neither help nor hurt her or the fetus during the pregnancy. Answer: b) Consuming megadose of vitamin A may result in birth defect. Explain your answer. Birth defects can occur if the supplement that has high doses of retinol ingested for a while, several days or weeks and especially during the first trimester of pregnancy. Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient for growth of the human body, the tissue tropism of epithelial organogenesis, epithelial differentiation and embryonic development. Intake, acute or chronic high amounts of vitamin A can cause various clinical manifestations such as headache, vomiting, diplopia, alopecia, dry mucous membranes, skin peeling, bone abnormalities and liver damage. Vitamin A and retinoids are teratogens classics. Malformations that are generated depend on the doses used and timing of organogenesis in which they are provided. During early organogenesis result in abnormalities of the central nervous and cardiovascular system, while a later provision gives rise to genetic defects in the upper and lower genitourinary tract and palate. Retinoids derived from the catabolism of vitamin A mothers diet are transferred to the embryo-fetal compartment. 6. A family member of an elderly client contacts the nurse and asks why the client is receiving B12 injections. Which of the following answers could the nurse give? a. The injections of B12 are given to prevent blindness. c. The injections of B12 are given to prevent pellagra b. The injections of B12 are given to prevent beriberi d. The injections of B12 are given to prevent pernicious anemia Answer: d the injections of B12 are given to prevent pernicious anemia Explain why. Pernicious anemia is a decrease in red blood cells that occurs when the body can not properly absorb vitamin B12 from the digestive tract. This vitamin is necessary for the proper development of red blood cells. The body needs vitamin B12 to produce red blood cells. In order to provide vitamin B12 in their cells, you should eat enough foods that contain this vitamin, such as beef, poultry, seafood, eggs and dairy products (AC Antony, 2008). To absorb vitamin B12, your body uses a special protein called intrinsic factor, secreted by cells in the stomach. The combination of vitamin B12 attached to intrinsic factor is absorbed in the latter part of the small intestine. When the stomach does not produce enough intrinsic factor, the intestine can not absorb the vitamin properly. The disease begins slowly and may take decades to fully establish. Although the congenital form occurs in children, pernicious anemia usually does not occur before age 30 in adults and the average age at diagnosis is 60 years. Monthly injections of vitamin B12 are prescribed to correct the deficiency of the vitamin. This therapy treats the anemia and may correct the neurological complications if taken soon enough. In people with a severe deficiency, injections are given more frequently at first( Medlineplus).

Lincoln :: essays research papers

Over the past few years we’ve seen the glamorous acquisitions and mergers of some of the world’s largest companies. Looking towards consolidating resources, minimizing risk and greater control over the product from inception to marketing, these mergers incorporate both vertical integration and horizontal integration.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Times Warner’s’ merger with Turner broadcasting created the largest media company in the world. It owns cable distribution, cable channels, production, music publishing, book and magazine publishing, retail interests, film production and theater chains. An example of possible problems: The 1996 controversy over Time Warner’s cable provider not wanting to distribute Fox’s 24 hour channel, a competitor with Turner’s CNN. Add to this that TCI, the country’s largest cable provider, is now the third largest shareholder in the corporation through its stake in Turner.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These new organizations have the ability to control and promote a product from multiple angles. However, the size doesn’t tell the whole story. A greater measure of the level of competition comes in terms of market share and the barrier for new companies to enter the industry. While the current trend seems to be toward both vertical and horizontal integration, there are possible reasons for the trend to reverse itself. Because of the financial risk involved with new, large-scale ventures, companies that compete in one market find themselves in partnerships elsewhere. This could cause conflicts should these competing ventures find themselves in the same market.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We have witnessed many mergers in recent months. Here are some mergers that might happen in the future: Names of Co. Merging  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   New Name W.R. Grace Co., Fuller Brush Co., Mary Kay:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hale Mary Fuller Grace John Deere & Abitibi-Price:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Deere Abi Honeywell, Imasco, and Home Oil:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Honey, I’m Home 3M, J.C. Penney, Metropolitan Opera Co:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3 Penney Opera Grey Poupon & Dockers Pants:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Poupan Pants Over the past few years we’ve seen the glamorous acquisitions and mergers of some of the world’s largest companies. Looking towards consolidating resources, minimizing risk and greater control over the product from inception to marketing, these mergers incorporate both vertical integration and horizontal integration.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Times Warner’s’ merger with Turner broadcasting created the largest media company in the world. It owns cable distribution, cable channels, production, music publishing, book and magazine publishing, retail interests, film production and theater chains. An example of possible problems: The 1996 controversy over Time Warner’s cable provider not wanting to distribute Fox’s 24 hour channel, a competitor with Turner’s CNN. Add to this that TCI, the country’s largest cable provider, is now the third largest shareholder in the corporation through its stake in Turner.

How Useful is Bakhtin’s Concept of Carnival?

Bakhtin Mikhail Mikhailovich (1895-1975) was Russian philosophist, literary critic and the theorist of art. He is a representative of Russian Structuralism and his historical and theoretical researches on epic and novel literature are important for understanding of the cultural development. Mikhail Bakhtin was one of the first theorists who investigated the polyphonic form of the novel ( «Problems of Dostoyevsky's Poetics », 1929) and folk â€Å"laughing† culture of the Medieval Ages ( «Rabelais and his World, 1965).He is also an author of the essays  «The issues of literature and esthetics » (1975) and â€Å"On the philosophy of the act† (1986). He was the first who use the concepts of dialogism (The Dialogic Imagination) and heteroglossia, the carnivalesque and chronotope in the literary critique. Bakhtin’s concepts are very useful for explanation of the nature of the genre of the novel. The â€Å"dialogism† and â€Å"heteroglossia† invo lve a special â€Å"multivoiced use of language†. The concept of the novelistic â€Å"chronotope† describes historical aspects of literary sources; it uses specified and differentiated time and space for the plot.The present essay is devoted to the concept of â€Å"the carnivalesque†. Bakhtin considers that novels â€Å"can be described as inspired by a laughing truth, indebted to parodic genres and to the spirit of carnival†. Bakhtin was interesting in Rabelaisian work since 1930s. His first work about this Renaissance writer was  «Francois Rabelais in the history of the realism » (1940). This work appeared in the time when Soviet ideology admitted concepts of the realism and the national character. Bakhtin adopted these categories and proposed the concept of carnivalesque.He suggested that low humor culture of Medieval Ages and Renaissance was a power folk opposition to the official values and government. The characteristic of folk low humor, the â €Å"life of the belly† was accepted as the main source of Rabelais book and became a discovery in the critique on medieval literature and, particularly, Rabelais creative work. It was the first publication about the philosophy of laugh. The theory of carnivalesque was developed not only for the explanation of local historical fact but as a universal phenomenon of the world culture.Bakhtin’s idea about  «carnivalization » of literature was developed in other works, but the first record of this theory appeared in the second edition of the monograph on Dostoyevsky. After the Second World War, in 1946 Bakhtin tried to defend theses in the Institute of World Literature (Moscow). The subject of his theses was the creative work of Rabelais. But in Stalin epoch his dissertation was rejected (Bakhtin received the degree of candidate of science (the lowest scientific degree in Russia) only in 1952) and they prohibited publishing the text of the dissertation about Rabelais.Mi khail Bakhtin published the book â€Å"Tvorchestvo Fransua Rable i narodnaya kul’tura srednevekovia i Renessansa† (The creative work of Francois Rabelais and the popular culture of the Medieval Ages and the Renaissance more known as Rabelais and his World) only in 1965. In the next couple years this book was translated in foreign languages (English translation by Helene Iswolsky was published in Cambridge, MA: M. I. T. Press, in 1968) and it opened the epoch of Bakhtin’s influence on the Russian and world humanistic thought.The central esthetic idea of Rabelais and his World is â€Å"grotesque realism†. Rabelais created images of the grotesque body; he emphasized the features of â€Å"lower bodily strata†. The grotesque body is opened to the world, his physiology is not hidden, and this body degrades and regenerates actively. â€Å"In grotesque realism†¦ the bodily element is deeply positive. It is presented not in a private, egoistic form, s evered from other spheres of life, but as something universal, representing all the people.As such it is opposed to severance from the material and bodily roots of the world; it makes no pretense to renunciation of the earthy, or independence of the earth and the body. We repeat: the body and bodily life have here a cosmic and at the same time an all-people's character; this is not the body and its physiology in the modern sense of these words, because it is not individualized. The material bodily principle is contained not in the biological individual, not in the bourgeois ego, but in the people, a people who are continually growing and renewed†¦.This exaggeration has a positive, assertive character. The leading themes of these images of bodily life are fertility, growth, and a brimming-over abundance. Manifestations of this life refer not to the isolated biological individual, not to the private, egotistic ‘economic man,' but to the collective ancestral body of all the people† (Bakhtin, Rabelais and his World, p. 19). Bakhtin found the Renaissance was a period of the benign balance between destructive and regenerative features of grotesque realism. He wrote:â€Å"The essence of the grotesque is precisely to present a contradictory and double-faced fullness of life. Negation and destruction (death of the old) are included as an essential phase, inseparable from affirmation, from the birth of something new and better. The very material bodily lower stratum of the grotesque image (food, wine, the genital force, the organs of the body) bears a deeply positive character. This principle is victorious, for the final result is always abundance, increase† (Bakhtin, Rabelais and his World, chapter 1, p. 62).Mikhail Bakhtin emphasized an opposition between the low popular culture and the official culture of the later middle Ages and early Renaissance. The official culture use static stratified model of the world. Unofficial culture is a culture of Carnival. The etymology of the word â€Å"Carnival† is enough sophisticated. The word is derivated from Italian carnevale, alteration of earlier carnelevare, literally, removal of meat, from carne flesh (from Latin carn-, caro) + levare (from Latin to remove, to raise). Another explanation finds roots of the Carnival in Ancient mysteries.They derivate word â€Å"Carnival† from â€Å"carrus-navalis† (the chariot-ship) of Roman religious ceremonies. Carnival concentrates the contrasts of folk culture and shows the chaotic and imperfect nature of the world. An individual of the middle Ages lived two lives: one that was the official life (church, social duties etc), another was the carnival life filled in with burlesque and low humor. The novel of Rabelais shows how the popular culture liberated the society and how the conventionalities were destroyed in the contact with the reality of the modern era.Bakhtin sees Rabelais not only as a novelist but â€Å"his wor k embodies a whole new philosophy of history, in which the world is viewed in the process of becoming† (Bakhtin’s cycle, 2004). In the Prologue to Rabelais and His World Michael Holquist wrote: â€Å"Bakhtin's carnival, surely the most productive concept in this book, is not only not an impediment to revolutionary change, it is revolution itself. Carnival must not be confused with mere holiday or, least of all, with self-serving festivals fostered by governments, secular or theocratic.The sanction for carnival derives ultimately not from a calendar prescribed by church or state, but from a force that preexists priests and kings and to whose superior power they are actually deferring when they appear to be licensing carnival. † (Michael Holquist, â€Å"Prologue,† Rabelais and His World) The carnival of the adventures of Pantagruel is not similar to the modern carnival. The Renaissance cultures understand the carnival as the â€Å"temporary suspension of al l hierarchic distinctions and barriers among men †¦ and of the prohibitions of usual life.†(Bakhtin, Rabelais and His World p. 15). The Renaissance Carnival is unusual world where festive pleasure and philosophy exists contemporarily. It is topsyturvy world, the world of the primary chaos. Bakhtin proposed the semiotic theory of the carnival, the theory of the carnivalizing of quotidian life. The central idea of the concept of carnivalizing or carnivalesque is an â€Å"inversion of binary contraposition† – replacing official values with low folk culture. When people came to the carnival square than all routine ideas and their oppositions of Christianity change each other.The King of Carnival is a pauper or fool (trickster). Everybody does honor to him. There is a Carnival bishop and Christianic sanctuaries could be desecrated. The top became the bottom, the head – the genitals (low body). Females and males switch their places. Billingsgate and devout phrases change each other. Everything was subject of top down imposition. Why? Bakhtin found roots of the carnival in the agrarian cults of pre-Christianic culture. Carnivalizing â€Å"makes it possible to extend the narrow sense of life† (Bakhtin, Rabelais and His World p. 177).The aspiration of carnival is to uncover, undermine – even destroy, the hegemony of any ideology that seeks to have the final word about the world, and also to renew, to shed light upon life, the meanings it harbours, to elucidate potentials; projecting, as it does an alternate conceptualisation of reality. Dialogism is a fundamental aspect of the carnival – a plurality of ‘fully valid consciousnesses' (Bakhtin, Rabelais and His World, p. 9), Baktin used the concept of the dialogism as a necessary condition of the understanding: â€Å"Two voices is the minimum for life, the minimum for existence† (Bakhtin, Rabelais and His World, p. 252).The carnival papered over the differe nces between the social strata. â€Å"Carnival is the place for working out a new mode of interrelationship between individuals . . . People who in life are separated by impenetrable hierarchical barriers enter into free and familiar contact on the carnival square† (Bakhtin, Rabelais and His World, p. 123). Today the elements of carnivalesque are inherent for some ethnic groups, e. g. Bantu tribe. Traditions of European carnival culture flourish in Latin America, in particular in Brazil. (It’s interesting, that so popular in the Brazilian carnivals â€Å"samba† came from the Bantu word â€Å"semba†).In the modern culture the carnivalesque is actual as never before – but it is another carnivalesque. Mikhail Bakhtin’s carnivalesque has four main themes: the tumultuous crowd, the world turned upside-down, the comic masks and the grotesque body. Bakhtin also categorizes the carnivalesque into three basic forms: ritual spectacles (such as fairs, feasts, wakes, processions, mummery, dancing and open-air amusements with costumes, masks, giants, dwarfs etc), comic verbal compositions and various genres of billingsgate or abusive language.â€Å"†¦ we are especially interested in the language which mocks and insults the deity and which was part of the ancient comic cults† (Bakhtin, Rabelais and His World, p. 16). But some authors found limitations in the theory of the carnivalesque. Richard Berrong wrote that Bakhtin‘s theory had some weaknesses. Bakhtin emphasized the role of laughter culture but do not take in the account the historical context of Rabelais's changing attitude (R. M. Berrong, Rabelais and Bakhtin†¦ , Ã'€. 15, 19-51).The concept of the carnivalesque helps us to identify an atmosphere of festivities, disdain of authority and material anti-intellectualism in literature. It could be applicable to certain genres carousals in Flemish painting and to the social criticism of postmodern art. Bak htin’s concept of carnivalesque could be useful way for the analysis processes connecting the comic and the serious issues of routine life. Medieval carnival players went to the streets in masks and costumes, their ritual spectacles (e. g. the Feast of Fools or the Feast of the Innocents) were full with the topsyturvy.The citizens were admitted to â€Å"occupy† the cathedral and turn it upside down and inside out. They could tell everything and do everything. They were equal and close in this moment. They were very much like Americans today. Where is American carnivalesque? You could find in the streets of New Orleans during Mardi Gras or in the New York during Greenwich Village Halloween Parade. If can find it in the bad blocks and slums. Mikhail Bakhtin's concept of the â€Å"carnivalesque† can be applied to ethnical studies of African American or Latin American culture.Today we can use the concept of the carnivalesque when we analyze issues of satire and paro dy in the festival performance of the globalization. We can see the elements of carnivalizing in the pubs, in political actions, advertising and media, in the street theater etc. We see grotesque body of the modern civilization and the modern art. For example if we apply Bakhtin's idea of the carnivalesque to the comedies and romantic movies we can easily find accordance to Bakhtin's description of the world turned upside down in the interests of liberating laughter.In Bakhtin's view, comedy relocates the spiritual from the top (a head and the face) to the bottom (the belly, the bowels and the genitals): â€Å"The essential principle of grotesque realism is degradation, that is, the lowering of all that is high, spiritual, ideal, abstract† (Bakhtin, Rabelais and His World, p. 19). Another modern arena of the contemporary carnivalesque is advertising. Carnivalesque PR stunts are used to attract attention of the potential customer. Otherwise, traditions of the carnival could co nstitute a strategy of resistance to the abusing advertising.I found very interesting material about rave music and use of Bakhtin’s concept of carnivalesque. Rave is out of the mainstream. Like medieval carnival the rave has capacity to disrupt and remake official public norms, both they lead people into the â€Å"symbolic sphere of utopian freedom†. Rave realizes its carnivalesque features in several ways. There are no exclusions to participate in the medieval carnival or rave party and there is no hierarchy between people in the time of festivity or the party. There are oppositions between official and non-official life etc (Rave as Carnival, 2004).But I think that Mikhail Bakhtin never think we will use his concepts to argue our non-trivial ideas about music, movies, public relations – about everything. He was a literary critic and proposed the concept of the carnivalesque to explain dynamics of social changes in the late Medieval Ages and early Renaissance. He uses Rabelais’ work because he was the most typical writer for this period and the elements of carnival grotesque were shown in Gargantua and Pantagruel very clearly. Mikhail Bakhtin died in 1975. He made an important contribution to science. But his concept is not universal.Nothing is perfect.References 1. Bakhtin and Medieval Voices. (1995) University Press of Florida. Gainesville.2. Carnival, History And Popular Culture: Rabelais, Goethe And Dostoevskii As Philosophers (2004) The Internet encyclopedia of philosophy http://www. iep. utm. edu/b/bakhtin. htm.3. Rabelais and Bakhtin Popular Culture in â€Å"Gargantua and Pantagruel† by Richard M. Berrong (1986) University of Nebraska Press, 180 p..4. Rabelais and His World by Mikhail Bakhtin (1984) Indiana University Press 510 p..5. Rave as a carnival (2004) http://www. odevarsivi. com/12/50972. htm.

Wireless Communications Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Zigbee essays

Wireless Communications Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Zigbee essays There are a number of wireless technologies in use for low- to high- bit-rate transmissions in residential, light commercial, commercial, and industrial applications. These include Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Zigbee. While many experts are predicting that one standard will outdo the other, this paper describes the benefits of these technologies and explains the unique position each has in the wireless spectrum. Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) is a high-frequency wireless local area network (TechTarget). The Wi-Fi technology is rapidly gaining acceptance in many companies as an alternative to a wired LAN and can also be installed for a home network. Wi-Fi is specified in the IEEE 802.11b specification and is part of a series of wireless specifications together with 802.11, 802.11a, and 802.11g. All four standards use the Ethernet protocol and carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance for path sharing. Wi-Fi technology operates in the 2.4 GHz range offering data speeds up to 11 megabits per second. The modulation method selected for 802.11b is known as complementary code keying, which allows higher data speeds and is less susceptible to multipath-propagation interference than successors. Bluetooth is a specification that describes how devices such as mobile phones, computers, and personal digital assistants can be interconnected using a short-range wireless connection (TechTarget). Bluetooth requires that a low-cost transceiver chip be included in each device which transmits and receives in a band of 2.45 GHz that is available globally. In addition to data, up to three voice channels are available. Each device has a unique 48-bit address from the IEEE 802 standard. Connections can be point-to- point or multipoint. The maximum range is 10 meters. Data can be exchanged at a rate of 1 megabits per second. A frequency hop scheme allows devices to communicate in areas wi...

F-100 Super Sabre in the Vietnam War

F-100 Super Sabre in the Vietnam War The North American F-100 Super Sabre was an American fighter aircraft that was introduced in 1954. Capable of supersonic speeds, the F-100 was North Americans successor to the earlier F-86 Sabre which had seen great success during the Korean War. Though plagued by early performance and handling issues, the definitive version of the aircraft, the F-100D, saw extensive use during the Vietnam War both as a fighter and in a ground-support role. The type was phased out of Southeast Asia by 1971 as newer aircraft became available. The F-100 Super Sabre was also utilized by several NATO air forces. Design Development With the success of the F-86 Sabre during the Korean War, North American Aviation sought to refine and improve the aircraft.  In January 1951, the company approached the U.S. Air Force with an unsolicited proposal for a supersonic day fighter that it had dubbed Sabre 45.  This name derived from the fact that the new aircrafts wings possessed a 45-degree sweep.   Mocked up that July, the design was heavily modified before the USAF ordered two prototypes on January 3, 1952.  Hopeful about the design, this was followed by a request for 250 airframes once development was complete.  Designated the YF-100A, the first prototype flew on May 25, 1953.  Using a Pratt Whitney XJ57-P-7 engine, this aircraft achieved a speed of Mach 1.05.   The first production aircraft, a F-100A, flew that October and though the USAF was pleased with its performance, it suffered from several crippling handling issues.  Among these was poor directional stability which could lead to a sudden and unrecoverable yaw and roll.  Explored during the Project Hot Rod testing, this issue led to the death of North Americans chief test pilot, George Welsh, on October 12, 1954.   YF-100A Super Sabre prototype in flight. US Air Force   Another problem, nicknamed the Sabre Dance, emerged as the swept wings had a tendency lose lift in certain circumstances and pitch up the aircrafts nose.  As North American sought remedies for these problems, difficulties with the development of the Republic F-84F Thunderstreak compelled the USAF to move the F-100A Super Sabre into active service.  Receiving the new aircraft, the Tactical Air Command requested that future variants be developed as fighter-bombers capable of delivering nuclear weapons. North American F-100D Super Sabre GeneralLength:  50  ft.Wingspan:  38  ft., 9  in.Height:  16  ft., 2.75  in.Wing Area:  400 sq. ft.Empty Weight:  21,000  lbs.Max Takeoff Weight:  34,832  lbs.Crew:  1PerformanceMaximum Speed:  864  mph (Mach 1.3)Range:  1,995  milesService Ceiling:  50,000  ft.Power Plant:  Ã‚  1 Ãâ€"  Pratt Whitney J57-P-21/21A  turbojetArmamentGuns:  4Ãâ€"  20 mm  Pontiac M39A1  cannonMissiles:  4  Ãƒâ€"  AIM-9 Sidewinder  or  2Ãâ€"  AGM-12 Bullpup  or  2 Ãâ€" or 4 Ãâ€"  LAU-3/A  2.75 unguided rocket dispenserBombs:  7,040 lb.  of weapons Variants The F-100A Super Sabre entered service on September 17, 1954, and continued to be plagued by the issues that arose during development.  After suffering six major accidents in its first two months of operation, the type was grounded until February 1955.  Problems with the F-100A persisted and the USAF phased out the variant in 1958.   In response to TACs desire for a fighter-bomber version of the Super Sabre, North American developed the F-100C which incorporated an improved J57-P-21 engine, mid-air refueling capability, as well as a variety of hardpoints on the wings.  Though early models suffered from many of the F-100As performance issues, these were later reduced through the addition of yaw and pitch dampers.   Continuing to evolve the type, North American brought forward the definitive F-100D in 1956.  A ground attack aircraft with fighter capability, the F-100D saw the inclusion of improved avionics, an autopilot, and the ability to utilize the majority of the USAFs non-nuclear weapons.  To further improve the aircrafts flight characteristics, the wings were lengthened by 26 inches and the tail area enlarged.   While an improvement over the preceding variants, the F-100D suffered from a variety of niggling problems which were often resolved with non-standardized, post-production fixes.  As a result, programs such as 1965s High Wire modifications were required to standardize capabilities across the F-100D fleet.   RF-100 Super Sabre in flight.   US Air Force Parallel to the development of combat variants of the F-100 was the alteration of six Super Sabres into RF-100 photo reconnaissance aircraft.  Dubbed Project Slick Chick, these aircraft had their armaments removed and replaced with photographic equipment.  Deployed to Europe, they conducted overflights of Eastern Bloc countries between 1955 and 1956.  The RF-100A was soon replaced in this role by the new Lockheed U-2 which could more safely conduct deep penetration reconnaissance missions.  Additionally, a two-seat F-100F variant was developed to serve as a trainer. Operational History  Ã‚  Ã‚   Debuting with the 479th Fighter Wing at George Air Force Base in 1954, variants of the F-100 were employed in a variety of peacetime roles.  Over the next seventeen years, it suffered from a high accident rate due to the issues with its flight characteristics.  The type moved closer to combat in April 1961 when six Super Sabres were shifted from the Philippines to Don Muang Airfield in Thailand to provide air defense.   With the expansion of the U.S. role in the Vietnam War, F-100s flew escort for Republic F-105 Thunderchiefs during a raid against the Thanh Hoa Bridge on April 4, 1965.  Attacked by North Vietnamese MiG-17s, the Super Sabres engaged in the USAFs first jet-to-jet combat of the conflict.  A short time later, the F-100 was replaced in the escort and MiG combat air patrol role by the McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II.   Later that year, four F-100Fs were equipped with APR-25 vector radars for service in suppression of enemy air defense (Wild Weasel) missions.  This fleet was expanded in early 1966 and ultimately employed the AGM-45 Shrike anti-radiation missile to destroy North Vietnamese surface-to-air missile sites.  Other F-100Fs were adapted to act as fast forward air controllers under the name Misty.  While some F-100s were employed in these specialty missions, the bulk saw service providing accurate and timely air support to American forces on the ground.   A USAF F-100F of the 352d TFS at Phu Cat Air Base, South Vietnam, 1971. United States Air Force Historical Research Agency As the conflict progressed, the USAFs F-100 force was augmented by squadrons from the Air National Guard (ANG).  These proved highly effective and were among the best F-100 squadrons in Vietnam.  During the later years of the war, the F-100 was slowly replaced by the F-105, F-4, and LTV A-7 Corsair II.   The last Super Sabre left Vietnam in July 1971 with the type having logged 360,283 combat sorties.  In the course of the conflict, 242 F-100s were lost with 186 falling to North Vietnamese anti-aircraft defenses.  Known to its pilots as The Hun, no F-100s were lost to enemy aircraft.  In 1972, the last F-100s were transferred to ANG squadrons which used the aircraft until retiring it in 1980. Other Users The F-100 Super Sabre also saw service in the air forces of Taiwan, Denmark, France, and Turkey.  Taiwan was the only foreign air force to fly the F-100A.  These were later updated to close to the F-100D standard.  The French Armee de lAir received 100 aircraft in 1958 and used them for combat missions over Algeria.  Turkish F-100s, received from both the U.S. and Denmark, flew sorties in support of the 1974 invasion of Cyprus.

Financial statement analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Financial statement analysis - Essay Example The general rule is for a current ratio to be good it must be above 1.0. Both the current ratio and quick ratio of the company are excellent. The net margin of Happy Hospital is 6.49%. A net margin measures the profitability of a company. In order to determine whether a net margin is good or not one must consider the industry in which the company participates. A good database to find the industry ratios for different business industries is the Dun & Bradstreet database. If a company has a net margin that is higher than the industry standard this company is performing above the industry norm. Another element to consider is whether a company is a non-profit organization or for-profit company. The net margin in a non-profit organization is irrelevant since the strategy of the company is to break even. On the other hand for-profit organizations seek to maximize its profitability. The asset utilization of Happy Hospital was 63.56%. Firms seek to have high asset utilization because this me tric illustrates how much revenues are being generated with the assets of a firm. The financial leverage of Happy Hospital is 10.22%, while the financial leverage of St. Agnes is 86.40%. The financial leverage ratios show how much debt a company is using to finance its operation. The financial leverage position of Happy Hospital is much lower than St. Agnes Hospital.

Voice of the Customer Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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